Lower GWP F-gases now 60% of the total HFC/HFO/HCFO supply in the EU
The data available in the Fluorinated greenhouse gases 2025 report shows that the adoption of lower GWP F-gases, particularly for refrigeration, air-conditioning and heat pumps, due to the HFC phase down, has resulted in HFC-32, HFOs and HCFOs now contributing 60% to the total metric tonnes supply of HFCs/HFOs/HCFOs in the EU in 2024. The total supply of HFCs has reduced to 51% of all reportable F-gases as CO2e, compared to 84% in 2015. RACHP (Refrigeration, air-conditioning and heating and other heat transfer fluids) has reduced to 43% of all reportable F-gases as CO2e, compared to 73% in 2015. The RACHP share of HFCs total supply as CO2e has remained relatively constant between 2015 (86%) and 2024 (84%), while supply of HFCs has reduced (2015: 179.8 million tonnes CO2e; 2024: 58.9). The 2025 F-gas report states that the EU remains on track under the HFC phase-down of the EU F-gas Regulation and HFC consumption was 60 % below the limit set under the Montreal Protocol’s Kigali Amendment. Illegal HFC imports outside the reporting and compliance system cannot be quantitatively accounted for.
The chart shows the trends for HFC-32, HFOs and HCFOs share of HFCs/HFOs/HCFOs total metric tonnes supply, and the average GWP trend for the total supply of these F-gases (calculated from reported CO2e tonnes and metric tonnes). The average GWP has reduced by nearly 50% from 1901 in 2015 to 960 in 2024. The changes in HFCs and HFOs/HCFOs use patterns demonstrate the progress due to the efforts of industry to deliver the F-gas regulation requirements, while continuing to ensure availability of refrigerants with a good balance of safety and technical properties.
Explanatory note: For this analysis, HFC-152a has been excluded from the share of lower GWP HFCs, HFOs and HCFOs as it is not widely used in RACHP. The total supply of HFC-152a in the EU has decreased from 3914 tonnes in 2015 to 1170 tonnes in 2024.