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| Air conditioning - Stationary |
| HFCs are a very efficient and effective option for the diverse range of air-conditioning applications in Europe. The obvious application is air-conditioning for human comfort, but it has also an important role to play in keeping hygienic conditions in hospitals or retirement houses, or in ensuring controlled conditions for sophisticated computer systems.
In the case of comfort or hygienic applications, due to the range of climatic conditions across Europe, their use is more important in southern Europe.
| In domestic dwellings, air-conditioning equipments are typically direct units, and may be portable units, or small split units through to multi-split systems for whole dwellings. Many large commercial offices, retail premises and hotels, can have central chillers in plant rooms utilising a secondary chilled water system. Smaller commercial offices and retail buildings can have very sophisticated multi-split systems (VRF) which can provide heating and cooling in different parts of the building, allow for heat recovery, and are very efficient. |
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The selection of an HFC for a particular air conditioning application depends on a number of technical factors including capacity, compressor type, condenser operating temperature and pressure, and heat exchanger type.
The following table summarizes the various types of air-conditioning equipment, and the HFCs used in each application.
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Air-conditioning applications
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| Air-conditioning application |
Short descrtiption |
Typical HFCs used |
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| Window |
Mounted in a window opening |
R 410A, R 134a |
| Portables |
Monoblock air-conditioners, not requiring a special mounting |
R 407C, R 410A, R 134a |
| Split Systems |
Single outer and inner blocks connected by pipes along which refrigerant is circulating |
R 407C, R 410A |
| Multi-split Systems |
Several inner blocks connected to one outer block - connected by pipes along which refrigerant is circulating |
R 407C, R 410A |
| VRF |
Variable refrigerant flow (or volume).Multizone systems of air-conditioning |
R 407C |
| Roof Top |
Most common cooling equipment for smaller commercial buildings |
R 407C, R 410A |
| Heat pumps |
Moving heat from inside to outside a building |
R 407C, R 410A |
| Close Control |
Applications where high precision air conditioning is essential, |
R 407C, R 410A |
| Air cooled chillers |
Supplying chilled water to large office and commercial buildings. Used if no cooling water available. |
R 407C, R 134a,
R 404A, R 507 |
| Water cooled chillers |
Supplying chilled water to large office and commercial buildings. More efficient than air-cooled. |
R 407C, R 410A, R 134a,
R 404A, R 507 |
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More details on
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| The global sales of air-conditioning units is still increasing, from 39 million units in 1999 to 58 million forecasted in 2007. Of these about 75% are small room air-conditioners predominantly sold in hot countries. The EU is about 7% of the global market by number of units, with sales growing from about 3 million to about 5 million units.
The major markets within Europe are the southern countries with Italy, Greece, and Spain accounting for about 75% of sales by number of units. The estimated value of units sold is over 2.5 billion Euro. Equipment is both imported and exported from the EU.
The broad range of air-conditioning applications from small quantities of specialist units, to high value central chillers, and high volume production small room air-conditioners means that there is a range of companies from SME through to large multi-national that manufacture air-conditioners in Europe. In addition specialist installers and maintenance companies support and service the EU air-conditioning industry.
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Estimates of World Demand for Air Conditioners (2000-2008)
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| Estimated products are air conditioners for residential and commercial use, namely, room air conditioners and packaged air conditioners. Room air conditioners include the window-type and the Japanese-style, small-sized split system for residential use. Packaged air conditioners are those other than room air conditioners.
Based on the collected data, we've estimated the world's production and demand between 2000 and 2003 by geographical area. With respect to demand, estimates are extended to 2008 by consulting the trends from 2003 onwards.
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(In million units) |
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2000
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2001
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2002
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2003
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2004
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2005
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2006
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2007
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2008
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| Actual |
Actual |
Actual |
Actual |
Projected |
Forecast |
Forecast |
Forecast |
Forecast |
| World total |
41,9
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44,8
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46,8
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54,4
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58,1
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60,4
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63,0
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65,7
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68,7
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Japan
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7,8
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8,4
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7,5
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7,3
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7,7
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7,5
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7,5
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7,5
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7,5
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Asia (excl. Japan)
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13,9
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16,6
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17,8
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23,7
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26,4
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28,3
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30,3
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32,5
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34,9
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Middle East
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1,7
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1,7
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1,8
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2,2
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2,4
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2,5
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2,6
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2,7
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2,7
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Europe
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2,9
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2,9
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3,4
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4,4
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4,8
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5,1
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5,4
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5,7
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6,1
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North America
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12,3
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11,9
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12,9
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13,1
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12,9
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12,9
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12,9
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12,9
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12,9
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Central & South
America
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2,1
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1,9
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2,0
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2,2
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2,3
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2,4
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2,5
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2,5
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2,6
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Africa
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0,7
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0,8
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0,7
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0,8
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0,9
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0,9
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0,9
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0,9
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1,0
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Oceania
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0,5
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0,6
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0,7
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0,7
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0,8
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0,8
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0,9
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0,9
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1,0
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[Last update : May 2006]
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